一、英語的形態(tài)變化

歸納起來，英語的形態(tài)變化主要有三種。

1.詞形的變化導致詞性的變化

通過前后綴的加減改變詞性。由于具有詞性的變化，英語可以用多種句式表達同一種意思。例如：

Let's discuss the details of the party.

Let's have a discussion about the details of the party.

We divide the profits among us.

We make a division of the profits among us.

漢語則沒有詞形的變化，不能通過詞形的變化改變詞性，這就難以通過不同的句式表達同一個意思。要有意識地利用英語的這個特點，在寫作的時候通過變換單詞的詞性，使句式更為豐富多樣，使英語也更地道。

2.詞形的變化導致時態(tài)的變化和數(shù)量的變化

例如：

He has watered the flower.

He is watering the flower.

They have watered the flower.

They are watering the flower.

I have watered the flower.

I am watering the flower.

3.詞形的變化導致程度和成分的變化

漢語只是在形容詞及副詞前加上"更""比較"或者"最"等字就可以表示比較級和最高級。例如：

早                 較早                  最早

early             earlier               earliest

另外，英漢兩語代詞都有主格、賓格現(xiàn)象，但漢語主賓沒有詞形變化，英語則不同，主格變成賓格使有詞形的變化。例如：

He repaired the computer.

The computer was repaired by him.

4.詞形的變化導致意思的變化

嘗試用加減詞綴的方式改變單詞的意思，使下面的語言更加精彩、簡潔。

① We cannot avoid failure in our life.

② This celebration is held twice a year.

④ Oxygen is a gas, which is not visible.

⑤ Living comfortably is not essential for one's life.

③ I was not sure whether  I would succeed at that time.

① Failure is inevitable in our life.

② This is a biannual meeting.

④ Oxygen is an invisible gas.

⑤ Living comfortably is nonessential for one's life.

③ I was unsure whether  I would succeed at that time.

二、英語與漢語的詞序

由于有相當多的形態(tài)變化，很多時候，即使詞序變了，也可以用形態(tài)變化來表示語義。因此，相對于漢語，英語的詞序比較靈活。例如：

How lovely she is!

She is so lovely!

Never did I say that.

I never said that.

Hardly ,we worked.

We worked hardly.

No matter whether we will succeed, we have to try.

We will try, no matter whether we will succeed.

It is an very important festival for us.