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        如何提高托福寫作語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力
        Date:  2017/11/7  Visits:  696  Type:  考試資訊  Author:  合肥中皖外國(guó)語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)學(xué)校-安徽省中皖科教服務(wù)有限公司

        很多學(xué)生在寫作中不遵從英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)或思維習(xí)慣,誤將漢語(yǔ)的詞義與英語(yǔ)的詞義等同。所以想要提高托福寫作的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力,考生還是需要知道英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)的差異。

        一、英語(yǔ)的形態(tài)變化

        歸納起來(lái),英語(yǔ)的形態(tài)變化主要有三種。

        1.詞形的變化導(dǎo)致詞性的變化

        通過(guò)前后綴的加減改變?cè)~性。由于具有詞性的變化,英語(yǔ)可以用多種句式表達(dá)同一種意思。例如:

        Let's discuss the details of the party.

        Let's have a discussion about the details of the party.

        We divide the profits among us.

        We make a division of the profits among us.

        漢語(yǔ)則沒(méi)有詞形的變化,不能通過(guò)詞形的變化改變?cè)~性,這就難以通過(guò)不同的句式表達(dá)同一個(gè)意思。要有意識(shí)地利用英語(yǔ)的這個(gè)特點(diǎn),在寫作的時(shí)候通過(guò)變換單詞的詞性,使句式更為豐富多樣,使英語(yǔ)也更地道。

        2.詞形的變化導(dǎo)致時(shí)態(tài)的變化和數(shù)量的變化

        例如:

        He has watered the flower.

        He is watering the flower.

        They have watered the flower.

        They are watering the flower.

        I have watered the flower.

        I am watering the flower.

        3.詞形的變化導(dǎo)致程度和成分的變化

        漢語(yǔ)只是在形容詞及副詞前加上"更""比較"或者"最"等字就可以表示比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。例如:

        早                 較早                  最早

        early             earlier               earliest

        另外,英漢兩語(yǔ)代詞都有主格、賓格現(xiàn)象,但漢語(yǔ)主賓沒(méi)有詞形變化,英語(yǔ)則不同,主格變成賓格使有詞形的變化。例如:

        He repaired the computer.

        The computer was repaired by him.

        4.詞形的變化導(dǎo)致意思的變化

        嘗試用加減詞綴的方式改變單詞的意思,使下面的語(yǔ)言更加精彩、簡(jiǎn)潔。

        ① We cannot avoid failure in our life.

        ② This celebration is held twice a year.

        ④ Oxygen is a gas, which is not visible.

        ⑤ Living comfortably is not essential for one's life.

        ③ I was not sure whether  I would succeed at that time.

        ① Failure is inevitable in our life.

        ② This is a biannual meeting.

        ④ Oxygen is an invisible gas.

        ⑤ Living comfortably is nonessential for one's life.

        ③ I was unsure whether  I would succeed at that time.

        二、英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)的詞序

        由于有相當(dāng)多的形態(tài)變化,很多時(shí)候,即使詞序變了,也可以用形態(tài)變化來(lái)表示語(yǔ)義。因此,相對(duì)于漢語(yǔ),英語(yǔ)的詞序比較靈活。例如:

        How lovely she is!

        She is so lovely!

        Never did I say that.

        I never said that.

        Hardly ,we worked.

        We worked hardly.

        No matter whether we will succeed, we have to try.

        We will try, no matter whether we will succeed.

        It is an very important festival for us.

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