要領一：

綜合寫作的閱讀文章通常是4段。總分結構----首段+三段主體段。

分析TPO6綜合寫作閱讀文章

Communal online encyclopedias represent one of the latest resources to be found on the Internet. They are in many respects like traditional printed encyciopedias, however, is that any internet user can contribute a new article or make an editorial change in an existing one. As a result, the encyclopedia is authored by the whole community of Internet users. The idea might sound attractive, but the communal online encyclopedias have several important problems that make them much less valuable than traditional, printed encyclopedias

First, contributors to a communal online encyclopedia often lack academic credentials, thereby making their contributioins partially informed at best and downright inaccurate in many cases. Traditional encyclopedias are written by trained experts who adhere to standards of academic

rigor that nonspecialists cannot really achieve.

Second, even if the original entry in the online encyclopedia is correct, the communal nature of these online encyclopedias gives unscrupulous users and vandals or hackers the opportunity to fabricate, delete, and corrupt information in the encyclopedia. Once changes have been made to the original text, an unsuspecting user cannot tell the entry has been tampered with. None of this is possible with a traditional encyclopedia.

Third, the communal encyclopedias focus too frequently, and in too great a depth, on trivial and popular topics, which created a false impression of what is important and what is not. A child doing research for a school project may discover that a major historical event receives as much attention in an online encyclopedia as, say, a single long-running television program. The traditional enc

1.首段的閱讀

明確文章的談論對象，"不要害怕"有些人不認識談論對象，如: encyclopedia, Terreya taxifolia, Edmonotosaurus等。

主要不影響閱讀內容的理解，并不需要糾結談論對象的含義的百分之百的精確把握。在很多情況下，文章第一段會對象進行解釋。

比如TPO6綜合寫作閱讀文章第一段的時候，有一句話對encyclopedia做了解釋，：They are in many aspects like traditional printed encyclopedias, collections of articles on various subjects.

Edmonotosaurus？

但當學生生讀完Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur  (Edmontosaurus), survived the  winter  by migrating  south  to  more  hospitable regions.

這句話之后 ，馬上就能知道它是一種和大象形狀類似的恐龍 。

抓住文章的觀點，文章的第一段的觀點都會在第一段中出現，往往第一段的最后一句話。

TPO6綜合寫作閱讀文章第一段的最后一句話：

but the communal online encyclopedias have several important problems that make them much less valuable than traditional, printed encyclopedias

2，主體段的閱讀

1、主體段的把握需要把握各段首句

TPO6

分論點一 contributors to a communal online encyclopedia often lack academic credentials

分論點二 fabricate, delete, and corrupt information in the encyclopedia

分論點三 the communal encyclopedias focus on trivial and popular topics

聽力不僅是對閱讀文章觀點和分論點的反駁，更是對閱讀文章中論據和細節的反駁。需要學生重視在主體段的閱讀中對論據和細節。

1）論據。一般而言，每段主體段都會有兩個論據來支撐起分論點。

分論點一 lack academic credentials。

making their contributions partially informed at best and downright inaccurate in many cases

Traditional encyclopedias are written by trained experts who adhere to standards of academic

rigor that nonspecialists cannot really achieve.

分論點二fabricate, delete, and corrupt information in the encyclopedia

unscrupulous users and vandals or hackers

an unsuspecting user cannot tell the entry has been tampered with