這一篇文章我們說的是劍9 Test 4 Reading Passage 3， The development of museums博物館的發展。開頭段就說了Museums used to look- and some still do- much look like storage rooms of objects packed together in showcases: good for scholars who wanted to study the subtle differences in design, but not for the ordinary visitors, to whom it all looked alike.

過去，博物館看起來就像是儲藏室，里面集中放了包裹好的物品，這對那些想要研究的人來說很有用，但對普通人來說，是這些東西放起來都一樣。

博物館在娛樂方面的作用：

1）Recently, however, attitudes towards history and the way it should be presented have altered. The key word in heritage display is now "experience", the more exciting the better and, if possible, involving all senses. On so-called heritage sites the re-enactment of historical events is increasing popular, and computers will soon provide virtual reality experiences, which will present visitors with a vivid image of the period of their choices, in which they themselves can act as if part of the historical environment. 近來，人們對歷史呈現方式的態度有所改變。如今，遺產展覽的關鍵詞"體驗"，而且越刺激越好，如果可能，還要觸動各種感官。在所謂的遺產地，歷史事件的重演越來越受到人們的歡迎，電腦也可以提供虛擬的現實體驗。參觀者選定一個時期，該時期的生動畫面就會呈現出來，使參觀者身臨其境。

2）

博物館在教育方面也有一定的作用：

1）illuminate the culture and history, such as British Museum, which provides visitors with all-round knowledge about the world culture and arts, collections in it 闡明文化和歷史，讓人類了解世界文化和藝術。

trace the development of civilization throughout the history of mankind 追溯人類文明的發展

2）博物館里收藏了大量物品（house a large collection of selected objects），用于展覽，人們不能夠觸摸（forbid physical contact）。博物館還提供藏品的歷史講解（provide historic interpretation）

3）博物館關注當地文化（concentrate on the host region's culture），教育后人（shoulder the responsibility to preserve and carry forward a country's traditional culture）

4）Museum is a place to best represent the meaning of education: to inspire. The key purpose of museums and their related activities promote people's interests and encourage them to learn voluntarily. 博物館里的展品可以啟發人們思考，增加他們的興趣。

5）博物館一般注重特定的主題（concentrate on a particular subject, such as ethnology, anthropology），這些對于普通人而言是陌生和枯燥的（unfamiliar, abstract and boring）。

發展博物館要注意的問題：

However, exhibits must be both based on artifacts and facts as we know them, and attractively presented. Those who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history are thus in a difficult position, as they must steer a narrow course between the demands of evidence and attractiveness, especially given the increasing need in the heritage industry for income- generating market. 但是，展覽必須以文物和事實為基礎，并將他們以吸引人的方式呈現出來。因此，那些專業從事全是歷史這門藝術的人面臨著這樣的一個困難，他們既要展示出事實，又要滿足參觀者對于吸引力的要求，并在兩者之間找到平衡，特別是考慮到歷史遺產對于創收活動不斷增長的需求。

現在很多博物館還開設了不同的服務（operas, concerts, lectures and videos）來增加收入（increase income by increasing attendance）